xTool LSO Training

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    xTool Customer Service
    • Updated

    P2 LSO Training

    Introduction

    Version 1.0.0
     
    Safe operation of your xTool P2 requires a trained Laser Safety Officer (LSO). xTool has consulted with professional organizations to design these xTool P2 LSO Training Materials to help you in complying with your LSO responsibilities and ensure that you operate your xTool P2 safely.
     
    The first document, the xTool P2 LSO training, has three parts:
    ● The first section, "xTool P2 Safe Operation", describes the procedures to ensure safe operation.
    ● The second section, "Laser Safety Officer Responsibilities", describes your role as the Laser Safety Officer for your xTool P2.
    ● The third section, "About Lasers and Laser Safety", describes general information about lasers and laser safety as well as regulations on lasers.
     
    The second document, "xTool P2 Laser Safety Program", is a laser safety program document that you, as the LSO for your xTool P2, may adopt.
     
    The third document, "xTool P2 Laser Standard Operating Procedure", is an SOP document that you may adopt that is a part of the xTool P2 Laser Safety Program.
     
    The fourth document, "Warning Sign", is a sign you may choose to use as a compliance measure described in the SOP, if you decide not to operate your xTool P2 in Class 1 conditions.

    xTool P2 safe operation

    Class 1 operating conditions
    Your xTool P2 is a Class 4 laser. However, some safety precautions may create "Class 1 operating conditions" around the laser. Class 1 operating conditions mean that these conditions cannot produce damaging radiation levels during normal operation.
     
    This means that if you choose to use the Safety Drawer and Raiser Base described below, you do not need additional protective measures, such as safety glasses, signs, and warning lights.
     
    However, even under Class 1 operating conditions, everyone using xTool P2 must read and follow all instructions in the user manual and XCS.
     
    Safety Drawer
    Your xTool P2 will provide Safty Drawer. It is a drawer used to close the bottom. When xTool P2 is used in "Class 1 operating conditions", it is necessary to install it at the corresponding position at the bottom of the machine and make the sensor at this position sense that the drawer is closed. When Safety Drawer is installed and all instructions in the manual and xTool application are followed, there are Class 1 operating conditions. In addition to the manual and xTool application, no further laser safety precautions are required.
     
    Raiser Base accessories
    When the Safety Drawer is not at the corresponding position at the bottom of the machine, use the Railer Base accessory, follow all instructions in the manual and xTool application, and close the door panel of the Railer Base accessory. There are Class 1 operating conditions. The laser operator must prevent children and untrained users from accessing xTool P2.
     
    Operation other than Class 1 condition
    If your xTool P2 does not run under Class 1 operating conditions, you are responsible for ensuring safe operation. The SOP provided does not allow safe operation under Class 4 operating conditions, so LSO must create an SOP. Finally, the LSO is responsible for defining the required content, describing and implementing it according to the SOP, and the laser operator is responsible for ensuring compliance and safe operation. Some key elements of Category 4 SOP may include:
     
    Appropriate safety glasses
    xTool P2 does not provide safety glasses. xTool will sell relevant glasses; Contact xTool.com for more information. Note that these eyes only protect against the diffuse reflection of the laser, so be sure to avoid direct laser light.
     
    Laser prompt
    Put appropriate laser safety signs at the entrance to remind people of the dangers inside. xTool provides an example flag (below).
    image.png
     
    Light and visual indication
    The light and visual indicators on the outside of the machine are opened by the user before starting to use the laser to indicate that the laser is in use.
     
    Laser Interlock
    The physical switch on the door will make the laser unable to be turned on in the operation state. Only after confirming that the laser stops working, the system will actively turn on the physical switch and make the machine in an accessible state. When the laser is in operation, the laser output laser has no direct line of sight at and outside the machine;

    Laser Safety Officer Responsibilities

    The LSO and Your Laser Safety Program

    ANSI Z136.1 describes guidelines for a safety program that will minimize the hazards of a Class 4 laser like the xTool P2. Primary safety responsibility rests with someone designated as the Laser Safety Officer, or LSO. This document is designed to assist you in acting as the LSO for one or more xTool P2 units. It does not provide sufficient information to advise you on acting as the LSO for any other laser.
     
    The LSO verifies the classification of the laser. The LSO determines the level of hazard by considering the details of the laser and creates a standard operating procedure (SOP) that determines what control measures (like additional interlocks, training, and safety glasses) should be used.
     
    The LSO is then responsible for helping and training other laser users, ensuring safety compliance, analyzing any possible hazards, providing safety equipment, ensuring all regulations are complied with including (in the US) CDRH, OSHA, and state regulations, and auditing the use of the laser to make sure it’s used safely.
     
    Beyond these responsibilities, the LSO must also recommend and approve signs, labels, protective equipment, facilities, equipment, and any modifications, maintain records, approve laser system operation, and investigate accidents should one occur. The LSO is ultimately the one responsible for determining if and how a laser may be safely operated.
     

    Hazard Analysis

    The LSO must analyze the hazards present in the lasers for which they are responsible. xTool has created a hazard analysis (provided below) of the xTool P2 that you may choose to use in your laser safety program.
     

    Standard Operating Procedure

     
    Based on Hazard Analysis, the LSO must create a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) that describes the control measures required to minimize hazards. xTool has also created a sample SOP (provided below) that you may use or adapt to your xTool P2 laser safety program.
     

    About Lasers and Laser Safety

     

    How Lasers are Different

    Lasers are a special kind of light source. Most light is made of many different colors, all shining out in lots of directions at once. Laser light is different in three ways.
    First, laser light is monochromatic - just one color. Sometimes that color is visible, like the low-power red laser that you can see your xTool use to measure material when it’s focusing. Sometimes it's invisible, like the high-power infrared laser beam your xTool uses to cut and engrave material.
    In technical discussions, people describe lasers as producing "nonionizing electromagnetic radiation". That describes a broad category that includes everything from sunshine to radio waves. Instead of talking about color, they use the term "wavelength". The wavelength of the low-power measuring laser on your xTool is 650 nanometers, which is red. The wavelength of the powerful printing laser is 10,600 nanometers, which is invisible infrared.
    The second difference between laser light and regular light is that laser light is directional. That means that it can be made to travel in a straight line, in a beam, without spreading out much.
    The third difference is that laser light is coherent. That means that each lightwave is synchronized with the others.
    It’s very hard to get light to move in a straight line, without spreading out. If the waves aren't lined up, or if there's a mix of colors and directions, the beam will spread out. Lasers, however, can stay lined up for a long distance - and, importantly, can be focused down to a point.
    Lasers' greatest effectiveness and danger, as compared to ordinary light, comes from lasers' ability to be focused.
     

    Laser Background

    The very first laser used a strobe light and a ruby crystal. The light from the strobe was amplified in the ruby crystal, stimulating it to emit nonionizing electromagnetic radiation at 694 nanometers. The acronym "LASER" comes from this experiment - light amplification through stimulated emission of radiation.
    These first lasers were called "solid-state" lasers because the action parts were solid crystals. Shortly after the development of solid-state lasers came gas lasers, which can resemble neon signs. Electricity causes gas in a tube to glow. Specially tuned mirrors amplify the light, and the laser beam emerges. The infrared printing laser in your xTool is a gas laser. It uses a mixture of gases, but the gas that actually creates the beam is Carbon Dioxide, also known as CO2.
    One of the most recent lasers to be invented is the diode laser. Diode lasers are small electrical devices that are made of microchips and LEDs. They turn power directly into laser light. You may have seen one before on a laser pointer. The low-power red measuring laser in your xTool is a diode laser.
     

    Measurements

    There are four measurements used to describe the effect of a laser.
    Joules measure energy. If you shine a light on a gram of water until it absorbs 1 joule of energy, the water will heat by about a quarter of a degree Celsius.
    Watts measures power. If you turn on a one-watt light for a second, it will put out 1 joule during that time.
    Joules per square centimeter measures radiant exposure. If you focus down that one-watt light to a square centimeter of paper and shine it for a second, that one joule will spread over the paper, and it will heat up slightly, just like the water. However, if you focus it down to 1/100th the size, the paper may singe and turn brown.
    Finally, watts per square centimeter measure irradiance. If you keep shining that one-watt light on the paper, it will keep adding joules of energy. If it’s focused to one square centimeter, it will slowly warm. If it’s focused to 1/100th the size, the paper may catch fire.
     

    Laser Beam Hazards

     
    Laser beams can be hazardous because the energy of the laser can damage the eyes and skin. If the main infrared laser in your xTool P2 strikes tissue, it will heat the tissue. This can cause damage to both eyes and skin. The risk is higher if the laser is more powerful if it is more focused, and if it stays in one place for a longer time, so all of these factors are considered when assessing safety.
     
    The laser beam can strike a person in one of three ways. First, the laser can be pointed at the person directly. Second, in specular reflection’, the laser can be reflected toward a person. Third, in diffuse reflection’, the laser strikes a surface that is not a mirror and scatters the light in all directions. Because the light from a diffuse reflection is scattered, it is not as hazardous as direct or reflected light, but there may still be enough intensity to cause damage.
     
    While any part of the body may be damaged by a laser beam, the eye is particularly sensitive and vulnerable. The far-infrared like the beam from CO2 lasers is absorbed by the cornea in front of the eye; therefore, unlike many other lasers, it is not a retinal hazard.
     

    Laser Hazard Classes

     
    Lasers are classified by the level of radiation that may be encountered during normal operation.
     
    Class 1 lasers are incapable of causing injury during normal operation. Class 1M lasers are the same, except unless magnifying optics are used. The red measuring laser in the xTool P2 is a Class 1 laser.
     
    Class 2 lasers are incapable of causing injury in less than 0.25 seconds. Class 2M lasers are the same, except unless magnifying optics are used.
     
    Class 3R lasers are marginally unsafe if the beam is directed at the eye. Class 3B lasers are hazardous if the beam is directed at the eye, but are usually not an eye hazard if the beam is scattered.
    Class 4 lasers are eye and skin hazards for both direct and scattered exposure. The infrared printing laser in the xTool P2 is a Class 4 laser.
     

    Laser Regulations

     
    In the US, laser manufacturers like xTool are regulated by the Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH), and are required to follow 21 Care FR 1040.10 and 1040.11, which are federal law. In many other countries (but not the US), both laser manufacturers and laser users are required to follow IEC60825.
    ANSI Z136.1 is a voluntary standard that describes how to use lasers safely. OSHA (a US federal law that applies to workplaces but not to private homes) requires a safety program like that described in the ANSI standard.
    The CDRH requires that Class 4 laser devices have a defined set of safety features. The case of the xTool P2 prevents access to excess laser radiation and serves as the protective housing. Safety interlocks disable the laser if the lid is opened. A remote interlock connector on the back of the xTool P2 allows you to connect a separate interlock, such as a switch on the door to the room, that disables the laser and requires the laser to be restarted before it can be used again. The password to your account serves as the master key control for your xTool P2 that prevents unauthorized laser operation. The button of the xTool P2 serves as the emission indicator; if it is illuminated, laser light may be present. The controls are located so that laser exposure is not required to operate them, and all viewing optics limit exposure to Class 1 levels. There are also certain labels present required by the US and some international laws.
     
    There may be other laser regulations depending on your country, state, and even city, and regulations may change. This information is provided to assist you in creating a safety program as described by ANSI Z126.1, but cannot advise you on legal compliance.
     
     
    Non-Beam Hazards
     
    There are additional hazards to your xTool P2. Always operate your xTool P2 in accordance with the manual and follow all instructions in the XCS to minimize hazards.
     
    Electrical
    Your xTool P2 uses a high-voltage power supply. Overriding the safety interlocks, operating a laser where the case is damaged, unauthorized service, or any other use in violation of the manual may expose you to hazardous and even lethal voltages.
     
    Laser GeneratedAir Contaminants
    When using a laser to process materials, a variety of air contaminants may be produced that can be hazardous. The air must be filtered to remove those contaminants. Follow the user manual in your xTool P2 to ensure that all exhaust is either properly treated or discharged outdoors where it can safely dissipate.
     
    Process Nonionizing Radiation
    Processing metals with a laser may result in the release of ultraviolet light. If your xTool P2 produces a bright light that cannot be viewed comfortably, look away.
     
    Collateral Nonionizing Radiation
    The material that produces the laser beam may emit harmful levels of UV and/or IR light. The xTool P2 has been tested to ensure that harmful levels are not present outside the case or when viewed through the glass lid.
     
     

    xTool P2 Laser Safety Program

    SCOPE

    This program applies to xTool P2 Laser operated by xTool P2 Owner. This program is based on the guidance of ANSI Z136.1-2014, the American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers. The proper implementation of this program will assure that laser exposures are always below the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) limits.
     

    LASER SAFETY OFFICER

    An individual designated as the Laser Safety Officer (LSO) shall have the responsibility and authority to assure compliance with this program. The LSO shall:
    • Provide hazard evaluations for xTool P2 laser
    • Specify control measures for the xTool P2 laser and assure implementation
    • Approve procedures, SOPs, protective equipment, signs, and labels
    • Assure that all laser personnel receive appropriate safety training
    • Monitor the program and assure compliance
    • Maintain program records
    The LSO shall have final authority in determining xTool P2 laser control measures and may approve alternate controls when these are appropriate based on the judgment of the LSO. xTool P2 laser shall be operated only with the approval of the LSO. The LSO shall have the authority to terminate laser operations at any time.

    LASER CLASSES

    Class 1 laser systems are incapable of producing damaging radiation levels during normal operation and are exempt from any control measures. Class 1 laser systems may contain higher class lasers and may produce laser hazards if operated with interlocks defeated. Only authorized personnel may operate class 1 laser systems with interlocks defeated. Operators of class 1 laser systems with embedded class 3B or class 4 lasers shall receive a laser safety briefing.
     
    Class 1M laser systems are incapable of producing hazardous exposure conditions during normal operation unless the beam is viewed with optical instruments. Operators of Class 1M laser systems shall receive a laser safety briefing.
     
    Class 2 laser systems emit visible light only at a power level of 1 milliwatt or less. The normal aversion response to bright light is adequate protection. Staring into the beam of a class 2 laser is hazardous. Operators of class 2 laser systems shall receive a laser safety briefing.
     
    Class 2M laser systems emit visible light only. The normal aversion response to bright light is adequate protection for unaided viewing. However, viewing the beam with optical aids is potentially hazardous. Operators of Class 2M laser systems shall receive a laser safety briefing.
     
    Class 3R laser systems are potentially hazardous under some viewing conditions, but the probability of an actual injury is small, and the control measures for safe use are straightforward. Most laser pointers fall in this class. Operators of class 3R laser systems shall receive a laser safety briefing. (Most lasers previously classified as class 3a fall in this category.)
     
    Class 3B laser systems are eye hazards for intrabeam viewing and specular reflections, even for momentary exposures, but diffuse reflections are not usually hazardous. Class 3B laser systems shall be operated only in laser-controlled areas by authorized operators. Operators of class 3B laser systems shall receive approved laser safety training.
     
    Class 4 laser systems are eye hazards and skin hazards for intrabeam exposures, specular reflections, and diffuse reflections. They are also fire hazards and may produce laser-generated air contaminants. Class 4 laser systems shall be operated only in laser-controlled areas by authorized operators. Operators of class 4 laser systems shall receive approved laser safety training. Written Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) are required for class 4 laser operation. The xTool P2 Laser is certified by the FDA under the Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 as a class 4 laser system.

    TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

    When operating in Class 1 conditions, all users will read and obey the safety manual and XCS software. When operating in Class 4 conditions, additional laser safety training is required and must be prepared and administered by the LSO.
    If there are bystanders or children, or if the xTool P2 Laser is used in a public setting where untrained individuals may be present, feed-through beam blocks must be securely installed.

    CONTROL MEASURES

    The requirements for the xTool P2 Laser-controlled area shall be determined by the LSO. The minimum requirements considered by the LSO for the xTool P2 Laser controlled area are:
     
    ·If needed entryway controls to allow only authorized personnel or approved spectators to enter the xTool P2 Laser control area. (Administrative controls are acceptable.)
     
    • Laser safety eyewear available and used in accordance with the SOP for the xTool P2 Laser.
    • Beam control (barriers and beam blocks) to limit laser hazards within the controlled area.
    • Written SOP for the xTool P2 Laser.
    • Training of the xTool P2 Laser operators.
     

    EYEWEAR POLICY

    Laser safety eyewear is not normally required for the operation of the xTool P2 when operating in Class 1 conditions as described in the SOP. The LSO will require eyewear or approve laser operation without eyewear based on a hazard evaluation performed by the LSO or the LSO may choose to delegate this responsibility.
     
    RESPONSIBILITIES OF EMPLOYEES WORKING WITH LASERS
    Employees who work with the xTool P2 Laser with the beam exposed shall: Energize or work with lasers only when authorized to do so.
     
    • Comply with laser safety rules and work procedures.
    • Notify their supervisor or the LSO in case of potential accident or injury or suspected unsafe condition.
     
     

    LASER SAFETY AUDIT

    At an interval determined by the Laser Safety Officer, the xTool P2 Laser will be audited for safety:
     
    1) It will be visually inspected for damage.
    2) The most recent user version of the manual will be re-read.
    3) The laser will be powered on and self-checked to confirm whether the safety settings are invalid.
    4) The Laser Safety Program will be reviewed to ensure that the program is current and compliant.
     
    A record of this audit will be completed, printed, signed, dated, and retained.

    RECORDS

    The LSO shall maintain records that document the Laser Safety Program. These records shall include:
     
    • Laser hazard analysis reports for the xTool P2 Laser
    • A list of operators who have been trained and permitted to use the xTool P2 Laser
    • Standard Operating Procedures for the xTool P2 Laser
    • Approvals of alternate laser control measures, if implemented
    • Laser Safety Audit checklist

    xTool P2 Laser Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)

     
    Scope: This SOP applies to the normal operation of the xTool P2 Laser as specified by the manufacturer.
    1. System Description: Three-axis carbon dioxide laser material processing system. This is a class 4 laser system that is normally operated under class 1 conditions (ANSI Z136.1, 4.4.2.7.2.1).
    Wavelength: 10.6 µm
    Maximum Power: 55 W
    Operating Mode: Continuous Wave
    Beam Diameter: 5 mm
    Beam Divergence: 2.7 mrad (M2 =1)
     
    1. Potential Hazards
    A. Eye hazard from the direct, reflected, or scattered beam.
    B. Skin hazard and fire hazard.
    C. Electrical hazard inside the power supply.
    D. Laser Generated Air Contaminants.
     
    1. Control Measures
     
    A. The LSO will only allow physical access to the laser to users who have been enrolled in the XCS software and thereby received safe operating instructions.
    B. All users of the xTool P2 Laser will comply with the user manual and all instructions in the XCS software at all times.
    C. The xTool P2 Laser shall be operated in class1 condition per ANSI Z136.1,
     
    4.4.2.7.2.1 (reference Hazard Analysis Report). Class 1 conditions shall be considered fulfilled when operating under the following guidelines.
     
    A. The laser system shall be operated with all manufacturer safety features fully functional.
    B. When material passthrough is not used, the Safety Drawer shall be firmly in place.
    C. When utilizing the material without Safety Drawer, use Raiser Base.
    D. Do not place an unprotected eye at the Safety Drawer opening.
    E. Keep all combustibles, tools, and reflective surfaces away from the beam path. Make sure you know where the beam is and stay clear.
    F. Work involving access to the power supply shall be done by the manufacturer with no exceptions.
    G. Maintenance shall be done with the laser system turned off.
    H. When functioning normally, the exhaust system will remove LGACs to maintain levels that are not hazardous or irritating.
    1. Required Training: When operating in Class 1 conditions, all users will read and obey the safety manual and XCS software. When operating in Class 4 conditions, additional laser safety training is required and must be prepared and administered by the LSO.
    2. For emergency medical response call ____. Report all incidents to the LSO.
    3. Authorized Personnel
     
    Notes:
    The worst case Optical Density (OD) requirement for laser-protective eyewear is 3.67. The eyewear provided by the laser manufacturer is rated at a minimum of OD 4. The exposure duration used to determine the OD is the ANSI default duration for an accidental exposure of 10 seconds.
     
    With all the manufacturer safety features fully functioning and the laser operating per the SOP the only source for a possible exposure above the Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) is a diffuse reflection that could scatter the laser output through the feed-through opening. Very conservative assumptions are made in this analysis. The exposure duration used is 600 seconds which assumes intentional viewing. The scattered power is assumed to be 45 watts which is an absolute worst-case. The viewing angle is assumed to be 80 degrees. Greater viewing angles create a smaller hazard distance. The viewing angle in this case is closer to 85 degrees or more so a conservative assumption is 80 degrees. Given the assumptions, the diffuse nominal hazard zone (NHZ) is about 5 centimeters or just under 2 inches. This NHZ is insignificant. Operating per the SOP, the laser system fulfills the ANSI 4.4.2.7.2.1 requirement for operation under class 1 conditions.

    Warning Sign

    warning
     
    Disclaimer:
    This training document is based on existing searchable documents, including but not limited to 21 CFR Part 1040.10, 1040.11, ANSI Z136.1 Standard - Guidance for Implementing a Safe Laser Program, OSHA, the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Alliance, the U.S. Laser Protocol: the Laser Regulators and the Center for Devices and Radiological Health, and other publicly available documents and standards issued by the above agencies at the time of this document's development. The documents and standards issued by these organizations and available in the public domain have been prepared, and the courses and presentations of some laser safety experts in the public domain have also been taken into account. The final right of interpretation of this document belongs to XTOOL.
     

    F1 LSO Training

    Version 1.0.1

    Introduction

    Safe operation of your F1 requires a trained Laser Safety Officer (LSO). xTool has consulted with laser experts to design these F1 LSO Training Materials to help you in complying with your LSO responsibilities and ensure that you operate your F1 safely.
    The first document, the F1 LSO training, has three parts:
    ● The first section, "F1 Safe Operation", describes the procedures to ensure safe operation.
    ● The second section, "Laser Safety Officer Responsibilities", describes your role as the Laser Safety Officer for your F1.
    ● The third section, "About Lasers and Laser Safety", describes general information about lasers and laser safety as well as regulations pertaining to lasers.
    The second document, "F1 Laser Safety Program", is a laser safety program document that you, as the LSO for your F1, may adopt.
    The third document, "F1 Laser Standard Operating Procedure", is an SOP document that you may adopt that is a part of the F1 Laser Safety Program.
    The fourth document, "Warning Sign", is a sign you may choose to use as a compliance measure described in the SOP if you decide not to operate your F1 in Class 1 conditions.

    F1 Safe Operation

    Class 1 Conditions
    Your F1 is a Class 4 laser. However, certain safety precautions may create "Class 1 conditions" around the laser. Class 1 conditions mean that the conditions are incapable of producing damaging radiation levels during normal operation. This means that if you choose to completely cover the processing area with a protective enclosure, you do not need additional protective measures, such as safety glasses, signs, and warning lights.
    However, even with Class 1 conditions, every person who uses the F1 must read and abide by the user manual and all instructions in the XCS.

    Protective enclosure

    Your F1 will provide a protective enclosure. When using the protective enclosure of F1 and following all the instructions in the manual and XCS, there is a level 1 condition. In addition to following the manual and XCS application, there is no need for further laser safety precautions. The laser operator must prevent children and untrained users from accessing F1.

    Operation Outside of Class 1 Conditions

    If your F1 is not being operated under Class 1 conditions, you are responsible for ensuring safe operation. The provided SOP does not permit safe operation in Class 4 conditions, so the LSO must create an SOP that does. Ultimately, the LSO is responsible for defining what that entails and describing and enforcing it with that SOP, and the laser operator is responsible for ensuring compliance and safe operation. Some key elements of a Class 4 SOP may include:

    Appropriate safety glasses

    XTOOL sells safety eyes, which are suitable for use with your F1 under level 4 conditions. Contact https://www.xtool.com/ Learn more on the official website. The hazard analysis (below) shows that the glasses provided by XTOOL are suitable for use.

    Sign

    An appropriate laser safety sign is placed at the entryway to alert people to the hazards inside. F1 has provided a sample sign (below).

    Light

    When F1 is powered on, an indicator light will be on. When the indicator light flashes, it indicates that the laser is in use.

    Protective enclosure opening stop

    When the protective enclosure is opened, the laser will stop automatically.

    Key

    F1 is equipped with a key, and F1 can only be used if the key is authorized.

    Emergency stop switch

    F1 is equipped with an emergency stop switch. When the emergency stop switch is pressed, the laser will stop.

    Laser Safety Officer Responsibilities

    The LSO and Your Laser Safety Program

    ANSI Z136.1 describes guidelines for a safety program that will minimize the hazards of a Class 4 laser like the F1. Primary safety responsibility rests with someone designated as the Laser Safety Officer, or LSO. This document is designed to assist you in acting as the LSO for one or more F1 units. It does not provide sufficient information to advise you on acting as the LSO for any other laser.
    The LSO verifies the classification of the laser. The LSO determines the level of hazard by considering the details of the laser and creates a standard operating procedure (SOP) that determines what control measures (like additional interlocks, training, and safety glasses) should be used.
    The LSO is then responsible for helping and training other laser users, ensuring safe compliance, analyzing any possible hazards, providing safety equipment, ensuring all regulations are complied with including (in the US) CDRH, OSHA, and state regulations, and auditing the use of the laser to make sure it’s used safely.
    Beyond these responsibilities, the LSO must also recommend and approve signs, labels, protective equipment, facilities, equipment, and any modifications, maintain records, approve laser system operation, and investigate accidents should one occur. The LSO is ultimately the one responsible for determining if and how a laser may be safely operated.

    Hazard Analysis

    The LSO must analyze the hazards present in the lasers for which they are responsible. The LSO may rely on an expert for the execution of hazard analysis. XTOOL created a hazard analysis (provided below) of the F1 that you may choose to use in your laser safety program.

    Standard Operating Procedure

    Based on Hazard Analysis, the LSO must create a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) that describes the control measures required to minimize hazards. XTOOL has also created a sample SOP (provided below) that you may use or adapt to your F1 laser safety program.

    About Lasers and Laser Safety

    How Lasers are Different

    Lasers are a special kind of light source. Most light is made of many different colors, all shining out in lots of directions at once. Laser light is different in three ways.
    First, laser light is monochromatic - just one color. Sometimes that color is visible, like the low-power red laser that you can see your F1 use to measure material when it’s focusing. Sometimes it’s invisible, like the high-power infrared laser beam your F1 uses to cut and engrave material.
    In technical discussions, people describe lasers as producing "nonionizing electromagnetic radiation". That describes a broad category that includes everything from sunshine to radio waves. Instead of talking about color, they use the term "wavelength".The printing laser wavelength on F1 is 455 nm blue-light laser and 1064 nm infrared laser.
    The second difference between laser light and regular light is that laser light is directional. That means that it can be made to travel in a straight line, in a beam, without spreading out much.
    The third difference is that laser light is coherent. That means that each lightwave is synchronized with the others.
    It’s very hard to get light to move in a straight line, without spreading out. If the waves aren't lined up, or if there’s a mix of colors and directions, the beam will spread out. Lasers, however, can stay lined up for a long distance - and, importantly, can be focused down to a point.
    Lasers' greatest effectiveness and danger, as compared to ordinary light, comes from lasers' ability to be focused.

    Laser Background

    The very first laser used a strobe light and a ruby crystal. The light from the strobe was amplified in the ruby crystal, stimulating it to emit nonionizing electromagnetic radiation at 694 nanometers. The acronym“LASER” comes from this experiment - light amplification through stimulated emission of radiation.
    These first lasers were called "solid-state" lasers because the action parts were solid crystals. Shortly after the development of solid-state lasers came gas lasers, which can resemble neon signs. Electricity causes gas in a tube to glow. Specially tuned mirrors amplify the light, and the laser beam emerges.
    One of the most recent lasers to be invented is the diode laser. Diode lasers are small electrical devices that are made of microchips and LEDs. They turn power directly into laser light. You may have seen one before on a laser pointer.

    Measurements

    There are four measurements used to describe the effect of a laser.
    Joules measure energy. If you shine a light on a gram of water until it absorbs 1 joule of energy, the water will heat by about a quarter of a degree Celsius.
    Watts measures power. If you turn on a one-watt light for a second, it will put out 1 joule during that time.
    Joules per square centimeter measures radiant exposure. If you focus down that one-watt light to a square centimeter of paper and shine it for a second, that one joule will spread over the paper, and it will heat up slightly, just like the water. However, if you focus it down to 1/100th in size, the paper may singe and turn brown.
    Finally, watts per square centimeter measure irradiance. If you keep shining that one-watt light on the paper, it will keep adding joules of energy. If it's focused on one square centimeter, it will slowly warm. If it’s focused to 1/100th the size, the paper may catch fire.

    Laser Beam Hazards

    Laser beams can be hazardous because the energy of the laser can damage the eyes and skin. (If the infrared laser and blue-light laser in F1 irradiate the tissue, it will heat the tissue.)This can cause damage to both eyes and skin. The risk is higher if the laser is more powerful if it is more focused, and if it stays in one place for a longer time, so all of these factors are considered when assessing safety.
    The laser beam can strike a person in one of three ways. First, the laser can be pointed at the person directly. Second, in specular reflection’, the laser can be reflected toward a person. Third, in diffuse reflection, the laser strikes a surface that is not a mirror and scatters the light in all directions. Because the light from a diffuse reflection is scattered, it is not as hazardous as direct or reflected light, but there may still be enough intensity to cause damage.

    Laser Hazard Classes

    Lasers are classified by the level of radiation that may be encountered during normal operation.
    Class 1 lasers are incapable of causing injury during normal operation. Class 1M lasers are the same, except unless magnifying optics are used. (The red measurement laser and blue measurement laser in F1 are Class 1 lasers).
    Class 2 lasers are incapable of causing injury in less than 0.25 seconds. Class 2M lasers are the same, except unless magnifying optics are used.
    Class 3R lasers are marginally unsafe if the beam is directed at the eye. Class 3B lasers are hazardous if the beam is directed at the eye, but are usually not an eye hazard if the beam is scattered.
    Class 4 lasers are eye and skin hazards for both direct and scattered exposure. (The infrared printing laser and blue-light printing laser in F1 are Class 4 lasers).

    Laser Regulations

    In the US, laser manufacturers like XTOOL are regulated by the Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) and are required to follow 21 CFR 1040.10 and 1040.11, which are federal laws. In many other countries (but not the US), both laser manufacturers and laser users are required to follow IEC60825.
    ANSI Z136.1 is a voluntary standard that describes how to use lasers safely. OSHA (a US federal law that applies to workplaces but not to private homes) requires a safety program like that described in the ANSI standard.
    The CDRH requires that Class 4 laser devices have a defined set of safety features. The case of the F1 prevents access to excess laser radiation and serves as the protective housing. Safety interlocks disable the laser if the lid is opened. You will have a physical key as the master key control of F1, which can prevent unauthorized laser operation.
    There may be other laser regulations depending on your country, state, and even city, and regulations may change. This information is provided to assist you in creating a safety program as described by ANSI Z126.1, but can not advise you on legal compliance.

    Non-Beam Hazards

    There are additional hazards to your F1. Always operate your F1 using the manual and follow all instructions in the XCS to minimize hazards.

    Laser GeneratedAir Contaminants

    When using a laser to process materials, a variety of air contaminants may be produced that can be hazardous. The air must be filtered to remove those contaminants. Follow the user manual in your F1 to ensure that all exhaust is either properly treated or discharged outdoors where it can safely dissipate.

    Process Nonionizing Radiation

    Processing metals with a laser may result in the release of ultraviolet light. If your F1 produces a bright light that cannot be viewed comfortably, look away.

    Collateral Nonionizing Radiation

    The material that produces the laser beam may emit harmful levels of UV and/or IR light. The F1 has been tested to ensure that harmful levels are not present outside the case or when viewed through the glass lid.
     

    F1 Laser Safety Program

    SCOPE

    This program applies to F1 Laser operated by F1 Owner. This program is based on the guidance of ANSI Z136.1-2014, the American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers. The proper implementation of this program will assure that laser exposures are always below the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) limits.

    LASER SAFETY OFFICER

    An individual designated as the Laser Safety Officer (LSO) shall have the responsibility and authority to assure compliance with this program. The LSO shall:
    • Provide hazard evaluations for F1 laser
    • Specify control measures for the F1 laser and assure implementation
    • Approve procedures, SOPs, protective equipment, signs, and labels
    • Assure that all laser personnel receive appropriate safety training
    • Monitor the program and assure compliance
    • Maintain program records
    The LSO shall have final authority in determining F1 laser control measures and may approve alternate controls when these are appropriate based on the judgment of the LSO. F1 laser shall be operated only with the approval of the LSO. The LSO shall have the authority to terminate laser operations at any time.
     

    LASER CLASSES

    Class 1 laser systems are incapable of producing damaging radiation levels during normal operation and are exempt from any control measures. Class 1 laser systems may contain higher class lasers and may produce laser hazards if operated with interlocks defeated. Only authorized personnel may operate class 1 laser systems with interlocks defeated. Operators of class 1 laser systems with embedded class 3B or class 4 lasers shall receive a laser safety briefing.
    Class 1M laser systems are incapable of producing hazardous exposure conditions during normal operation unless the beam is viewed with optical instruments. Operators of Class 1M laser systems shall receive a laser safety briefing.
    Class 2 laser systems emit visible light only at a power level of 1 milliwatt or less. The normal aversion response to bright light is adequate protection. Staring into the beam of a class 2 laser is hazardous. Operators of class 2 laser systems shall receive a laser safety briefing.
    Class 2M laser systems emit visible light only. The normal aversion response to bright light is adequate protection for unaided viewing. However, viewing the beam with optical aids is potentially hazardous. Operators of Class 2M laser systems shall receive a laser safety briefing.
    Class 3R laser systems are potentially hazardous under some viewing conditions, but the probability of an actual injury is small, and the control measures for safe use are straightforward. Most laser pointers fall in this class. Operators of class 3R laser systems shall receive a laser safety briefing. (Most lasers previously classified as class 3a fall in this category.)
    Class 3B laser systems are eye hazards for intrabeam viewing and specular reflections, even for momentary exposures, but diffuse reflections are not usually hazardous. Class 3B laser systems shall be operated only in laser-controlled areas by authorized operators. Operators of class 3B laser systems shall receive approved laser safety training.
    Class 4 laser systems are eye hazards and skin hazards for intrabeam exposures, specular reflections, and diffuse reflections. They are also fire hazards and may produce laser-generated air contaminants. Class 4 laser systems shall be operated only in laser-controlled areas by authorized operators. Operators of class 4 laser systems shall receive approved laser safety training. Written Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) are required for class 4 laser operation. The F1 Laser is certified by the FDA under the Code of Federal Regulations Title 21 as a class 4 laser system.

    TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

    When operating in Class 1 conditions, all users will read and obey the safety manual and XCS software. When operating in Class 4 conditions, additional laser safety training is required and must be prepared and administered by the LSO. If there are bystanders or children, or if F1 Laser is used in a public place where there may be untrained personnel, a light shield must be used.

    CONTROL MEASURES

    The requirements for the F1 Laser-controlled area shall be determined by the LSO. The minimum requirements considered by the LSO for the F1 Laser controlled area are:
    • If needed entryway controls to allow only authorized personnel or approved spectators to enter the F1 Laser control area. (Administrative controls are acceptable.)
    • Laser safety eyewear available and used by the SOP for the F1 Laser.
    • Beam control (barriers and beam blocks) to limit laser hazards within the controlled area.
    • Written SOP for the F1 Laser.
    • Training of the F1 Laser operators.

    EYEWEAR POLICY

    Laser safety eyewear is not normally required for the operation of the F1 Laser when operating in Class 1 conditions as described in the SOP. The LSO will require eyewear or approve laser operation without eyewear based on a hazard evaluation performed by the LSO or the LSO may choose to delegate this responsibility.

    RESPONSIBILITIES OF EMPLOYEES WORKING WITH LASERS

    Employees who work with the F1 Laser with the beam exposed shall energize or work with lasers only when authorized to do so.
    • Comply with laser safety rules and work procedures.
    • Notify their supervisor or the LSO in case of potential accident or injury or suspected unsafe condition.

    LASER SAFETY AUDIT

    At an interval determined by the Laser Safety Officer, the F1 Laser will be audited for safety:
    1) It will be visually inspected for damage.
    2) The most recent user version of the manual will be re-read.
    3) The laser will be energized and the lid opened to confirm that the interlocks correctly interrupt operation.
    4) The Laser Safety Program will be reviewed to ensure that the program is current and compliant.
    A record of this audit will be completed, printed, signed, dated, and retained.

    RECORDS

    The LSO shall maintain records that document the Laser Safety Program. These records shall include:
    • Laser hazard analysis reports for the F1 Laser
    • A list of operators who have been trained and permitted to use the F1 Laser
    • Standard Operating Procedures for the F1 Laser
    • Approvals of alternate laser control measures, if implemented
    • Laser Safety Audit checklist
     

    F1 Laser Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)

     
    Scope: This SOP applies to the normal operation of the F1 Laser as specified by the manufacturer.

    1. System Description: Double light source semiconductor laser material processing system. This is a Class 4 laser system that normally operates under Class 1 conditions (ANSI Z136.1, 4.4.2.7.2.1).

    Wavelength: 455 nm / 1064 nm
    Maximum Power: 10 W
    1. Potential Hazards
    A. Eye hazard from the direct, reflected, or scattered beam.
    B. Skin hazard and fire hazard.
    C. Electrical hazard inside the power supply.
    D. Laser Generated Air Contaminants.
    1. Control Measures
    A. The LSO will only allow physical access to the laser to users who have been enrolled in the XCS software and thereby receive safe operating instructions.
    B. All users of the F1 Laser will comply with the user manual and all instructions in the XCS software at all times. the
    C.The F1 Laser shall be operated in class 1 conditions per ANSI Z136.1,
    4.4.2.7.2.1 (reference Hazard Analysis Report). Class 1 conditions shall be considered fulfilled when operating under the following guidelines.
    a.The laser system shall be operated with all manufacturer safety features fully functional.
    b.When the base plate is not removed for use, the light shield shall be used.
    D. Do not operate F1 with bystanders and children, or in public places where the protective enclosure is not used safely. You can take away the key to ensure that your F1 will not be used by others.
    E. Keep all combustibles, tools, and reflective surfaces away from the beam path. Make sure you know where the beam is and stay clear.
    F. Work involving access to the power supply shall be done by the manufacturer with no exceptions.
    G. Maintenance shall be done with the laser system turned off.
    1. Required Training: When operating in Class 1 conditions, all users will read and obey the safety manual and XCS software. When operating in Class 4 conditions, additional laser safety training is required and must be prepared and administered by the LSO.
    2. For emergency medical response call ____. Report all incidents to the LSO.
    3. Authorized Personnel
    The following personnel are authorized to operate this system:
    By checking the box or reading this LSO document, we will consider you to be qualified or authorized.
     

    Warning Sign

    warning
    Disclaimer:
    This training document is based on existing searchable documents, including but not limited to 21 CFR Part 1040.10, 1040.11, ANSI Z136.1 Standard - Guidance for Implementing a Safe Laser Program, OSHA, the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Alliance, the U.S. Laser Protocol: the Laser Regulators and the Center for Devices and Radiological Health, and other publicly available documents and standards issued by the above agencies at the time of this document's development. The documents and standards issued by these organizations and available in the public domain have been prepared, and the courses and presentations of some laser safety experts in the public domain have also been taken into account. The final right of interpretation of this document belongs to XTOOL.
     

    D1/D1 Pro LSO Training

    Version 1.0.0

    Introduction

    Safe operation of your xTool D1/D1 Pro requires a trained Laser Safety Officer (LSO).xTool has consulted with laser experts to design these xTool D1/D1 Pro LSO Training Materials to help you in complying with your LSO responsibilities and ensure that you operate your xTool D1/D1 Pro safely.
    The first document, the xTool D1/D1 Pro LSO training, has three parts:
    ● The first section, "xTool D1/D1 Pro Safe Operation", describes the procedures to ensure safe operation.
    ● The second section, "Laser Safety Officer Responsibilities", describes your role as the Laser Safety Officer for your xTool D1/D1 Pro.
    ● The third section, "About Lasers and Laser Safety", describes general information about lasers and laser safety as well as regulations about lasers.
    The second document, "xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser Safety Program", is a laser safety program document that you, as the LSO for your xTool D1/D1 Pro, may adopt.
    The third document, "xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser Standard Operating Procedure", is an SOP document that you may adopt that is a part of the xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser Safety Program.
    The fourth document, "Warning Sign", is a sign you need to choose to use as a compliance measure described in the SOP.

    The xTool D1/D1 Pro LSO training

    xTool D1/D1 Pro Safe Operation

    Class 4 Conditions
    Your xTool D1/D1 Pro is a Class 4 laser. You are required to wear safety glasses throughout the use. And, every person who uses the xTool D1/D1 Pro must read and abide by the user manual and all instructions in the xTool App.
    The provided SOP does not permit safe operation in Class 4 conditions, so the LSO must create an SOP that does. Ultimately, the LSO is responsible for defining what that entails and describing and enforcing it with that SOP, and the laser operator is responsible for ensuring compliance and safe operation. Some key elements of a Class 4 SOP may include:
    xTool Enclosure
    You can shop for foldable and smoke-proof covers for D1/D1/D1 Pro and other laser engravers on xTool's official website.
    Appropriate safety glasses
    xTool D1/D1 Provides a pair of safety glasses appropriate for use with your xTool D1/D1 Pro under Class 4 Conditions.
    Sign
    An appropriate laser safety sign placed at the entryway to alert people to the hazards inside. xTool has provided a sample sign (below).
     

    Laser Safety Officer Responsibilities

    The LSO and Your Laser Safety Program

    ANSI Z136.1 describes guidelines for a safety program that will minimize the hazards of a Class 4 laser like the xTool D1/D1 Pro. Primary safety responsibility rests with someone designated as the Laser Safety Officer, or LSO. This document is designed to assist you in acting as the LSO for one or more xTool D1/D1 Pro units. It does not provide sufficient information to advise you on acting as the LSO for any other laser.
    The LSO verifies the classification of the laser. The LSO determines the level of hazard by considering the details of the laser and creates a standard operating procedure (SOP) that determines what control measures (like training, and safety glasses) should be used.
    The LSO is then responsible for helping and training other laser users, ensuring safety compliance, analyzing any possible hazards, providing safety equipment, ensuring all regulations are complied with including (in the US) CDRH, OSHA, and state regulations, and auditing the use of the laser to make sure it’s used safely.
    Beyond these responsibilities, the LSO must also recommend and approve signs, labels, protective equipment, facilities, equipment, and any modifications, maintain records, approve laser system operation, and investigate accidents should one occur. The LSO is ultimately the one responsible for determining if and how a laser may be safely operated.

    Hazard Analysis

    The LSO must analyze the hazards present in the lasers for which they are responsible. The LSO may rely on an expert for the execution of hazard analysis.

    Standard Operating Procedure

    Based on the Hazard Analysis, the LSO must create a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) that describes the control measures required to minimize hazards.

    About Lasers and Laser Safety

    How Lasers are Different

    Lasers are a special kind of light source. Most light is made of many different colors, all shining out in lots of directions at once. Laser light is different in three ways.
    First, laser light is monochromatic - just one color. Sometimes that color is visible, like the low-power red laser that you can see your xTool use to measure material when it’s focusing. Sometimes it’s invisible, like the high-power infrared laser beam your xTool uses to cut and engrave material.
    In technical discussions, people describe lasers as producing“nonionizing electromagnetic radiation”. That describes a broad category that includes everything from sunshine to radio waves. Instead of talking about color, they use the term "wavelength".
    The second difference between laser light and regular light is that laser light is directional. That means that it can be made to travel in a straight line, in a beam, without spreading out much.
    The third difference is that laser light is coherent. That means that each lightwave is synchronized with the others.
    It’s very hard to get light to move in a straight line, without spreading out. If the waves aren’t lined up, or if there’s a mix of colors and directions, the beam will spread out. Lasers, however, can stay lined up for a long distance - and, importantly, can be focused down to a point.
    Lasers' greatest effectiveness and danger, as compared to ordinary light, comes from lasers' ability to be focused.

    Laser Background

    The very first laser used a strobe light and a ruby crystal. The light from the strobe was amplified in the ruby crystal, stimulating it to emit nonionizing electromagnetic radiation at 694 nanometers. The acronym“LASER” comes from this experiment - light amplification through stimulated emission of radiation.
    These first lasers were called "solid-state" lasers because the action parts were solid crystals. Shortly after the development of solid-state lasers came gas lasers, which can resemble neon signs. Electricity causes gas in a tube to glow. Specially tuned mirrors amplify the light, and the laser beam emerges.

    Measurements

    There are four measurements used to describe the effect of a laser.
    Joules measure energy. If you shine a light on a gram of water until it absorbs 1 joule of energy, the water will heat by about a quarter of a degree Celsius.
    Watts measures power. If you turn on a one-watt light for a second, it will put out 1 joule during that time.
    Joules per square centimeter measures radiant exposure. If you focus down that one-watt light to a square centimeter of paper and shine it for a second, that one joule will spread over the paper, and it will heat up slightly, just like the water. However, if you focus it down to 1/100th the size, the paper may singe and turn brown.
    Finally, watts per square centimeter measure irradiance. If you keep shining that one-watt light on the paper, it will keep adding joules of energy. If it’s focused to one square centimeter, it will slowly warm. If it’s focused to 1/100th the size, the paper may catch fire.

    Laser Beam Hazards

    Laser beams can be hazardous because the energy of the laser can damage the eyes and skin. This can cause damage to both eyes and skin. The risk is higher if the laser is more powerful if it is more focused, and if it stays in one place for a longer time, so all of these factors are considered when assessing safety.
    The laser beam can strike a person in one of three ways. First, the laser can be pointed at the person directly. Second, in specular reflection’, the laser can be reflected toward a person. Third, in diffuse reflection’, the laser strikes a surface that is not a mirror and scatters the light in all directions. Because the light from a diffuse reflection is scattered, it is not as hazardous as direct or reflected light, but there may still be enough intensity to cause damage.

    Laser Hazard Classes

    Lasers are classified by the level of radiation that may be encountered during normal operation.
    Class 1 lasers are incapable of causing injury during normal operation. Class 1M lasers are the same, except unless magnifying optics are used. The red measuring laser in the xTool D1/D1 Pro is a Class 1 laser.
    Class 2 lasers are incapable of causing injury in less than 0.25 seconds. Class 2M lasers are the same, except unless magnifying optics are used.
    Class 3R lasers are marginally unsafe if the beam is directed at the eye. Class 3B lasers are hazardous if the beam is directed at the eye, but are usually not an eye hazard if the beam is scattered.
    Class 4 lasers are eye and skin hazards for both direct and scattered exposure. The infrared printing laser in the xTool D1/D1 Pro is a Class 4 laser.

    Laser Regulations

    In the US, laser manufacturers like xTool are regulated by the Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) and are required to follow 21 CFR 1040.10 and 1040.11, which are federal laws. In many other countries (but not the US), both laser manufacturers and laser users are required to follow IEC60825.
    ANSI Z136.1 is a voluntary standard that describes how to use lasers safely. OSHA (a US federal law that applies to workplaces but not to private homes) requires a safety program like that described in the ANSI standard.
    There may be other laser regulations depending on your country, state, and even city, and regulations may change. This information is provided to assist you in creating a safety program as described by ANSI Z126.1, but can not advise you on legal compliance.

    Non-Beam Hazards

    There are additional hazards to your xTool D1/D1 Pro. Always operate your xTool D1/D1 Pro in the manual and follow all instructions in the xTool App to minimize hazards.

    Laser GeneratedAir Contaminants

    When using a laser to process materials, a variety of air contaminants may be produced that can be hazardous. The air must be filtered to remove those contaminants. Follow the user manual in your xTool D1/D1 Pro to ensure that all exhaust is either properly treated or discharged outdoors where it can safely dissipate.

    Process Nonionizing Radiation

    Processing metals with a laser may result in the release of ultraviolet light. If your xTool D1/D1 Pro produces a bright light that can not be viewed comfortably, look away.

    Collateral Nonionizing Radiation

    The material that produces the laser beam may emit harmful levels of UV and/or IR light. The D1/D1 Pro has been tested to ensure less laser damage to your vision when viewing through the hood.
     

    xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser Safety Program

    SCOPE
    This program applies to xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser operated by xTool D1/D1 Pro Owner. This program is based on the guidance of ANSI Z136.1-2014, the American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers. The proper implementation of this program will assure that laser exposures are always below the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) limits.

    LASER SAFETY OFFICER

    An individual designated as the Laser Safety Officer (LSO) shall have the responsibility and authority to assure compliance with this program. The LSO shall:
    • Provide hazard evaluations for xTool D1/D1 Pro laser
    • Specify control measures for the xTool D1/D1 Pro laser and assure implementation
    • Approve procedures, SOPs, protective equipment, signs, and labels
    • Assure that all laser personnel receive appropriate safety training
    • Monitor the program and assure compliance
    • Maintain program records
    The LSO shall have final authority in determining xTool D1/D1 Pro laser control measures and may approve alternate controls when these are appropriate based on the judgment of the LSO. xTool D1/D1 Pro laser shall be operated only with the approval of the LSO. The LSO shall have the authority to terminate laser operations at any time.

    LASER CLASSES

    Class 1 laser systems are incapable of producing damaging radiation levels during normal operation and are exempt from any control measures. Class 1 laser systems may contain higher class lasers and may produce laser hazards if operated with interlocks defeated. Only authorized personnel may operate class 1 laser systems with interlocks defeated. Operators of class 1 laser systems with embedded class 3B or class 4 lasers shall receive a laser safety briefing.
    Class 1M laser systems are incapable of producing hazardous exposure conditions during normal operation unless the beam is viewed with optical instruments. Operators of Class 1M laser systems shall receive a laser safety briefing.
    Class 2 laser systems emit visible light only at a power level of 1 milliwatt or less. The normal aversion response to bright light is adequate protection. Staring into the beam of a class 2 laser is hazardous. Operators of class 2 laser systems shall receive a laser safety briefing.
    Class 2M laser systems emit visible light only. The normal aversion response to bright light is adequate protection for unaided viewing. However, viewing the beam with optical aids is potentially hazardous. Operators of Class 2M laser systems shall receive a laser safety briefing.
    Class 3R laser systems are potentially hazardous under some viewing conditions, but the probability of an actual injury is small, and the control measures for safe use are straightforward. Most laser pointers fall in this class. Operators of class 3R laser systems shall receive a laser safety briefing. (Most lasers previously classified as class 3a fall in this category.)
    Class 3B laser systems are eye hazards for intrabeam viewing and specular reflections, even for momentary exposures, but diffuse reflections are not usually hazardous. Class 3B laser systems shall be operated only in laser-controlled areas by authorized operators. Operators of class 3B laser systems shall receive approved laser safety training.
    Class 4 laser systems are eye hazards and skin hazards for intrabeam exposures, specular reflections, and diffuse reflections. They are also fire hazards and may produce laser-generated air contaminants. Class 4 laser systems shall be operated only in laser-controlled areas by authorized operators. Operators of class 4 laser systems shall receive approved laser safety training. Written Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) are required for class 4 laser operation. The xTool D1/D1 Professional laser meets the conditions of the FDA for Class 4 lasers under Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
    TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
    When operating in Class 4 conditions, additional laser safety training is required and must be prepared and administered by the LSO.
    CONTROL MEASURES
    The requirements for the xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser controlled area shall be determined by the LSO. The minimum requirements considered by the LSO for the xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser controlled area are:
    • If needed entryway controls to allow only authorized personnel or approved spectators to enter the xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser control area. (Administrative controls are acceptable.)
    • Laser safety eyewear available and used by the SOP for the xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser.
    • Beam control (barriers and beam blocks) to limit laser hazards within the controlled area.
    • Written SOP for the xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser.
    • Training of the xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser operators.
    RESPONSIBILITIES OF EMPLOYEES WORKING WITH LASERS
    Employees who work with the xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser with the beam exposed shall:
    • Energize or work with lasers only when authorized to do so.
    • Comply with laser safety rules and work procedures.
    • Notify their supervisor or the LSO in case of potential accident or injury or suspected unsafe condition.
    LASER SAFETY AUDIT
    At an interval determined by the Laser Safety Officer, the xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser will be audited for safety:
    1) It will be visually inspected for damage.
    2) The most recent user version of the manual will be re-read.
    3) The laser will be energized and the lid opened to confirm that the interlocks correctly interrupt operation.
    4) The Laser Safety Program will be reviewed to ensure that the program is current and compliant.
    A record of this audit will be completed, printed, signed, dated, and retained.
    RECORDS
    The LSO shall maintain records that document the Laser Safety Program. These records shall include:
    • Laser hazard analysis reports for the xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser
    • A list of operators who have been trained and permitted to use the xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser
    • Standard Operating Procedures for the xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser
    • Approvals of alternate laser control measures, if implemented
    • Laser Safety Audit checklist

    xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)

    Scope: This SOP applies to the normal operation of the xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser as specified by the manufacturer.
    1. System Description: Semiconductor laser material processing system.
      5W 10W 20W 40W 2W
    Wavelength 455nm 455nm 455nm 455nm 1064nm
    Maximum Power 5W 10W 20W 40W /
    Operating State Continuous Wave Continuous Wave Continuous Wave Continuous Wave Pulse wave
    Spot size 0.06*0.06mm 0.08*0.06mm 0.08*0.10mm 0.10*0.15mm 0.03*0.03mm
    1. Potential Hazards
    A. Eye hazard from the direct, reflected, or scattered beam.
    B. Skin hazard and fire hazard.
    C. Electrical hazard inside the power supply.
    D. Laser Generated Air Contaminants.
    1. Control Measures
    A. The LSO will allow physical access to the laser to users who have been enrolled in the xTool Creative Space or Lightburn software and thereby receive safe operating instructions.
    B. All users of the xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser will comply with the user manual and all instructions in the xTool App software at all times.
    C. Keep all combustibles, tools, and reflective surfaces away from the beam path. Make sure you know where the beam is and stay clear.
    D. Work involving access to the power supply shall be done by the manufacturer with no exceptions.
    E. Maintenance shall be done with the laser system turned off.
    1. Required Training: When operating in Class 4 conditions, additional laser safety training is required and must be prepared and administered by the LSO.
    2. For emergency medical response call ____. Report all incidents to the LSO.
    3. Authorized Personnel
    The following personnel are authorized to operate this system.
    By checking the box or reading this LSO document, we will consider you to be qualified or authorized.
     

    xTool D1/D1 Pro Laser Hazard Analysis Report

    Warning Sign

    D1/D1 Pro Laser head certification sticker (Rusty color 40W as follows)
    Wattage 5W 10W 20W 40W 2W
    infrared laser head (gold-red)
    Figure legend 1.png 2.png 3.png 4.png 5.png
    D1/D1 Pro Laser head warning stickers
    6.png
    D1/D1 Pro Fuselage fire warning sticker
    7.png
    Disclaimer:
    This training document is based on existing searchable documents, including but not limited to 21 CFR Part 1040.10, 1040.11, ANSI Z136.1 Standard - Guidance for Implementing a Safe Laser Program, OSHA, the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Alliance, the U.S. Laser Protocol： the Laser Regulators and the Center for Devices and Radiological Health, and other publicly available documents and standards issued by the above agencies at the time of this document's development. The documents and standards issued by these organizations and available in the public domain have been prepared, and the courses and presentations of some laser safety experts in the public domain have also been taken into account. The final right of interpretation of this document belongs to XTOOL.
     
     

    M1 LSO Training

    Version 1.0.0

    Introduction

    Safe operation of your xTool M1 requires a trained Laser Safety Officer (LSO). xTool has consulted with professional organizations to design these xTool M1 LSO Training Materials to help you in complying with your LSO responsibilities and ensure that you operate your xTool M1 safely.
     
    The first document, the xTool M1 LSO training, has three parts:
    • The first section, “xTool M1 Safe Operation”, describes the procedures to ensure safe operation.
    • The second section, “Laser Safety Officer Responsibilities”, describes your role as the Laser Safety Officer for your xTool M1.
    • The third section, “About Lasers and Laser Safety”, describes general information about lasers and laser safety as well as regulations pertaining to lasers.
     
    The second document, “xTool M1 Laser Safety Program”, is a laser safety program document that you, as the LSO for your xTool M1, may adopt.
     
    The third document, “xTool M1 Laser Standard Operating Procedure”, is an SOP document that you may adopt that is a part of the xTool M1 Laser Safety Program.
     
    The fourth document, “Warning Sign”, is a sign you may choose to use as a compliance measure described in the SOP if you decide not to operate your xTool M1 in Class 1 conditions.
     

    xTool M1 safe operation

    Class 1 operating conditions
    Your xTool M1 is a Class 4 laser. However, some safety precautions may create "Class 1 operating conditions" around the laser. Class 1 operating conditions mean that these conditions cannot produce damaging radiation levels during normal operation.
     
    This means that if you choose to use the Safty Drawer and Raiser Base described below, you do not need additional protective measures, such as safety glasses, signs, and warning lights.
     
    However, even under Class 1 operating conditions, everyone using xTool M1 must read and follow all instructions in the user manual and XCS.
     
    Bottom Plate
    Your xTool M1 will provide Bottom Plate. It is a Plate used to close the bottom. When xTool M1 is used in "Class 1 operating conditions", it is necessary to install it at the corresponding position at the bottom of the machine. When Bottom Plate is installed and all instructions in the manual and xTool application are followed, there are Class 1 operating conditions. In addition to the manual and xTool application, no further laser safety precautions are required.
     
    Raiser Base accessories
    When the Bottom Plate is not at the corresponding position at the bottom of the machine, use the Railer Base accessory, follow all instructions in the manual and xTool application, and close the door panel of the Railer Base accessory. There are Class 1 operating conditions. The laser operator must prevent children and untrained users from accessing xTool M1.
     
    Operation other than Class 1 condition
    If your xTool M1 does not run under Class 1 operating conditions, you are responsible for ensuring safe operation. The SOP provided does not allow safe operation under Class 4 operating conditions, so LSO must create an SOP. Finally, the LSO is responsible for defining the required content, describing and implementing it according to the SOP, and the laser operator is responsible for ensuring compliance and safe operation. Some key elements of Category 4 SOP may include:
     
    Appropriate safety glasses
    xTool M1 does not provide safety glasses. xTool will sell relevant glasses; Contact xTool.com for more information. Note that these eyes only protect against the diffuse reflection of the laser, so be sure to avoid direct laser light.
     
    Laser prompt
    Put appropriate laser safety signs at the entrance to remind people of the dangers inside. xTool provides an example flag (below).
    image.png
     
    Light and visual indication
    The light and visual indicator on the outside of the machine are opened by the user before starting to use the laser to indicate that the laser is in use.
     
    Open cover detection
    The lid opening detection will make the laser unable to operate when it is turned on, and the system will only operate normally when the lid is confirmed to be closed. When the laser is in operation, the laser output laser has no direct line of sight at and outside the machine;

    Laser Safety Officer Responsibilities

    The LSO and Your Laser Safety Program
    ANSI Z136.1 describes guidelines for a safety program that will minimize the hazards of a Class 4 laser like the xTool M1. Primary safety responsibility rests with someone designated as the Laser Safety officer, or LSO. This document is designed to assist you in acting as the LSO for one or more xTool M1 units. It does not provide sufficient information to advise you in acting as the LSO for any other laser.
    The LSO verifies the classification of the laser. The LSO determines the level of hazard by considering the details of the laser, and creates a standard operating procedure (SOP) that determines what control measures (like additional interlocks, training, and safety glasses) should be used.
     
    The LSO is then responsible for helping and training other laser users, ensuring safe compliance, analyzing any possible hazards, providing safety equipment, ensuring all regulations are complied with including (in the US) CDRH, OSHA, and state regulations, and auditing the use of the laser to make sure it’s used safely.
     
    Beyond these responsibilities, the LSO must also recommend and approve signs, labels, protective equipment, facilities, equipment, any modifications, maintain records, approve laser system operation, and investigate accidents should one occur. The LSO is ultimately the one responsible for determining if and how a laser may be safely operated.
     
    Hazard Analysis
    The LSO must analyze the hazards present in the lasers for which they are responsible. xTool has created a hazard analysis (provided below) of the xTool M1 that you may choose to use in your laser safety program.
     
    Standard Operating Procedure
     
    Based on the Hazard Analysis, the LSO must create a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) that describes the control measures required to minimize hazards. xTool has also created a sample SOP (provided below) that you may use or adapt to your xTool M1 laser safety program.
     

    About Lasers and Laser Safety

    How Lasers are Different

    Lasers are a special kind of light source. Most light is made of many different colors, all shining out in lots of directions at once. Laser light is different in three ways.
    First, laser light is monochromatic - just one color. Sometimes that color is visible, like the low-power red laser that you can see your xTool use to measure material when it’s focusing. Sometimes it’s invisible, like the high-power infrared laser beam your xTool uses to cut and engrave material.
    In technical discussions, people describe lasers as producing“nonionizing electromagnetic radiation”. That describes a broad category that includes everything from sunshine to radio waves. Instead of talking about color, they use the term“wavelength”. The wavelength of the low-power measuring laser on your xTool is 650 nanometers, which is red. The wavelength of the powerful printing laser is 1,064 nanometers, which is blue.
    The second difference between laser light and regular light is that laser light is directional. That means that it can be made to travel in a straight line, in a beam, without spreading out much.
    The third difference is that laser light is coherent. That means that each lightwave is synchronized with the others.
    It’s very hard to get light to move in a straight line, without spreading out. If the waves aren’t lined up, or if there’s a mix of colors and directions, the beam will spread out. Lasers, however, can stay lined up for a long distance - and, importantly, can be focused down to a point.
    Lasers' greatest effectiveness - and danger - as compared to ordinary light comes from lasers ability to be focused.
     

    Laser Background

    The very first laser used a strobe light and a ruby crystal. The light from the strobe was amplified in the ruby crystal, stimulating it to emit nonionizing electromagnetic radiation at 694 nanometers. The acronym“LASER” comes from this experiment - light amplification through stimulated emission of radiation.
    These first lasers were called“solid-state” lasers because the action parts were solid crystals. Shortly after the development of solid-state lasers came gas lasers, which can resemble neon signs. Electricity causes gas in a tube to glow. Specially tuned mirrors amplify the light, and the laser beam emerges.
     

    Measurements

    There are four measurements used to describe the effect of a laser.
    Joules measure energy. If you shine a light on a gram of water until it absorbs 1 joule of energy, the water will heat by about a quarter of a degree Celsius.
     
    Watts measures power. If you turn on a one-watt light for a second, it will put out 1 joule during that time.
     
    Joules per square centimeter measures radiant exposure. If you focus down that one-watt light to a square centimeter of paper and shine it for a second, that one joule will spread over the paper, and it will heat up slightly, just like the water. However, if you focus it down to 1/100th the size, the paper may singe and turn brown.
    Finally, watts per square centimeter measure irradiance. If you keep shining that one-watt light on the paper, it will keep adding joules of energy. If it’s focused to one square centimeter, it will slowly warm. If it’s focused to 1/100th the size, the paper may catch fire.
     

    Laser Beam Hazards

    Laser beams can be hazardous because the energy of the laser can damage the eyes and skin. This can cause damage to both eyes and skin. The risk is higher if the laser is more powerful if it is more focused, and if it stays in one place for a longer time, so all of these factors are considered when assessing safety.
    The laser beam can strike a person in one of three ways. First, the laser can be pointed at the person directly. Second, in specular reflection’, the laser can be reflected toward a person. Third, in diffuse reflection’, the laser strikes a surface that is not a mirror and scatters the light in all directions. Because the light from a diffuse reflection is scattered, it is not as hazardous as direct or reflected light - but there may still be enough intensity to cause damage.
     

    Laser Hazard Classes

    Lasers are classified by the level of radiation that may be encountered during normal operation.
     
    Class 1 lasers are incapable of causing injury during normal operation. Class 1M lasers are the same, except unless magnifying optics are used. The red measuring laser in the xTool M1 is a Class 1 laser.
     
    Class 2 lasers are incapable of causing injury in less than 0.25 seconds. Class 2M lasers are the same, except unless magnifying optics are used.
     
    Class 3R lasers are marginally unsafe if the beam is directed at the eye. Class 3B lasers are hazardous if the beam is directed at the eye, but are usually not an eye hazard if the beam is scattered.
    Class 4 lasers are eye and skin hazards for both direct and scattered exposure. The blueprinting laser in the xTool M1 is a Class 4 laser.
     

    Laser Regulations

    In the US, laser manufacturers like xTool are regulated by the Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) and are required to follow 21 CFR 1040.10 and 1040.11, which are federal laws. In many other countries (but not the US), both laser manufacturers and laser users are required to follow IEC60825.
    ANSI Z136.1 is a voluntary standard that describes how to use lasers safely. OSHA (a US federal law that applies to workplaces but not to private homes) requires a safety program like that described in the ANSI standard.
    The CDRH requires that Class 4 laser devices have a defined set of safety features. The case of the xTool M1 prevents access to excess laser radiation and serves as the protective housing. Safety interlocks disable the laser if the lid is opened. A remote interlock connector on the back of the xTool M1 allows you to connect a separate interlock, such as a switch on the door to the room, that disables the laser and requires the laser to be restarted before it can be used again. The password to your account serves as the master key control for your xTool M1 that prevents unauthorized laser operation. The button of the xTool M1 serves as the emission indicator; if it is illuminated, laser light may be present. The controls are located so that laser exposure is not required to operate them, and all viewing optics limit exposure to Class 1 levels. There are also certain labels present required by the US and some international laws.
     
    There may be other laser regulations depending on your country, state, and even city, and regulations may change. This information is provided to assist you in creating a safety program as described by ANSI Z126.1, but cannot advise you on legal compliance.
     
    Non-Beam Hazards
    There are additional hazards to your xTool M1. Always operate your xTool M1 manual and follow all instructions in the XCS to minimize hazards.
     
    Laser GeneratedAir Contaminants
    When using a laser to process materials, a variety of air contaminants may be produced that can be hazardous. The air must be filtered to remove those contaminants. Follow the user manual in your xTool M1 to ensure that all exhaust is either properly treated or discharged outdoors where it can safely dissipate.
     
    Process Nonionizing Radiation
    Processing metals with a laser may result in the release of ultraviolet light. If your xTool M1 produces a bright light that cannot be viewed comfortably, look away.
     
    Collateral Nonionizing Radiation
    The material that produces the laser beam may emit harmful levels of UV and/or IR light. The xTool M1 has been tested to ensure that harmful levels are not present outside the case or when viewed through the glass lid.

    xTool M1 Laser Safety Program

    SCOPE

    This program applies to xTool M1 Laser operated by xTool M1 Owner. This program is based on the guidance of ANSI Z136.1-2014, the American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers. The proper implementation of this program will assure that laser exposures are always below the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) limits.

    LASER SAFETY OFFICER

    An individual designated as the Laser Safety Officer (LSO) shall have the responsibility and authority to assure compliance with this program. The LSO shall:
    • Provide hazard evaluations for xTool M1 laser
    • Specify control measures for the xTool M1 laser and assure implementation
    • Approve procedures, SOPs, protective equipment, signs and labels
    • Assure that all laser personnel receive appropriate safety training
    • Monitor the program and assure compliance
    • Maintain program records
    The LSO shall have final authority in determining xTool M1 laser control measures and may approve alternate controls when these are appropriate based on the judgment of the LSO. xTool M1 laser shall be operated only with the approval of the LSO. The LSO shall have the authority to terminate laser operations at any time.

    LASER CLASSES

    Class 1 laser systems are incapable of producing damaging radiation levels during normal operation and are exempt from any control measures. Class 1 laser systems may contain higher class lasers and may produce laser hazards if operated with interlocks defeated. Only authorized personnel may operate class 1 laser systems with interlocks defeated. Operators of class 1 laser systems with embedded class 3B or class 4 lasers shall receive a laser safety briefing.
     
    Class 1M laser systems are incapable of producing hazardous exposure conditions during normal operation unless the beam is viewed with optical instruments. Operators of class 1M laser systems shall receive a laser safety briefing.
     
    Class 2 laser systems emit visible light only at a power level of 1 milliwatt or less. The normal aversion response to bright light is adequate protection. Staring into the beam of a class 2 laser is hazardous. Operators of class 2 laser systems shall receive a laser safety briefing.
     
    Class 2M laser systems emit visible light only. The normal aversion response to bright light is adequate protection for unaided viewing. However, viewing the beam with optical aids is potentially hazardous. Operators of class 2M laser systems shall receive a laser safety briefing.
     
    Class 3R laser systems are potentially hazardous under some viewing conditions, but the probability of an actual injury is small, and the control measures for safe use are straightforward. Most laser pointers fall in this class. Operators of class 3R laser systems shall receive a laser safety briefing. (Most lasers previously classified as class 3a fall in this category.)
     
    Class 3B laser systems are eye hazards for intrabeam viewing and specular reflections, even for momentary exposures, but diffuse reflections are not usually hazardous. Class 3B laser systems shall be operated only in laser-controlled areas by authorized operators. Operators of class 3B laser systems shall receive approved laser safety training.
     
    Class 4 laser systems are eye hazards and skin hazards for intrabeam exposures, specular reflections, and diffuse reflections. They are also fire hazards and may produce laser-generated air contaminants. Class 4 laser systems shall be operated only in laser controlled areas by authorized operators. Operators of class 4 laser systems shall receive approved laser safety training. Written Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) is required for Class 4 laser operation.
     

    TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

    When operating in Class 1 conditions, all users will read and obey the safety manual and XCS software. When operating in Class 4 conditions, additional laser safety training is required and must be prepared and administered by the LSO.
    If there are bystanders, or children, or if the xTool M1 Laser is used in a public setting where untrained individuals may be present, feed-through beam blocks must be securely installed.
     

    CONTROL MEASURES

    The requirements for the xTool M1 Laser controlled area shall be determined by the LSO. The minimum requirements considered by the LSO for the xTool M1 Laser controlled area are:
    • If needed entryway controls to allow only authorized personnel or approved spectators to enter the xTool M1 Laser control area. (Administrative controls are acceptable.)
    • Laser safety eyewear available and used in accordance with the SOP for the xTool M1 Laser.
    • Beam control (barriers and beam blocks) to limit laser hazards within the controlled area.
    • Written SOP for the xTool M1 Laser.
    • Training of the xTool M1 Laser operators.

    EYEWEAR POLICY

    Laser safety eyewear is not normally required for the operation of the xTool M1 when operating in Class 1 conditions as described in the SOP. The LSO will require eyewear or approve laser operation without eyewear based on a hazard evaluation performed by the LSO or the LSO may choose to delegate this responsibility.
     
    RESPONSIBILITIES OF EMPLOYEES WORKING WITH LASERS
    Employees who work with the xTool M1 Laser with the beam exposed shall:
    • Energize or work with lasers only when authorized to do so.
    • Comply with laser safety rules and work procedures.
    • Notify their supervisor or the LSO in case of potential accident or injury or suspected unsafe condition.
     
    LASER SAFETY AUDIT
    At an interval determined by the Laser Safety Officer, the xTool M1 Laser will be audited for safety:
     
    1) It will be visually inspected for damage.
    2) The most recent user version of the manual will be re-read.
    3) The laser will be powered on and self-checked to confirm whether the safety settings are invalid.
    4) The Laser Safety Program will be reviewed to ensure that the program is current and compliant.
    A record of this audit will be completed, printed, signed, dated, and retained
     
    RECORDS
    The LSO shall maintain records that document the Laser Safety Program. These records shall include:
    • Laser hazard analysis reports for the xTool M1 Laser
    • A list of operators who have been trained and permitted to use the xTool M1 Laser
    • Standard Operating Procedures for the xTool M1 Laser
    • Approvals of alternate laser control measures, if implemented
    • Laser Safety Audit checklist

    xTool M1 Laser Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)

    Scope: This SOP applies to the normal operation of the xTool M1 Laser as specified by the manufacturer.
    1. System Description: Semiconductor laser material processing system.
      5W 10W
    Wavelength 455nm 455nm
    Maximum Power 5W 10W
    Operating State Continuous Wave Continuous Wave
    Spot size 0.06*0.06mm 0.08*0.06mm
    1. Potential Hazards
    A. Eye hazard from the direct, reflected, or scattered beam.
    B. Skin hazard and fire hazard.
    C. Electrical hazard inside the power supply.
    D. Laser Generated Air Contaminants.
    1. Control Measures
    A. The LSO will only allow physical access to the laser to users who have been enrolled in the XCS software and thereby received safe operating instructions.
    B. All users of the xTool M1 Laser will comply with the user manual and all instructions in the XCS software at all times.
    C. The xTool M1 Laser shall be operated in class 1 conditions per ANSI Z136.1, 4.4.2.7.2.1 (reference Hazard Analysis Report). Class 1 conditions shall be considered fulfilled when operating under the following guidelines.
    a. The laser system shall be operated with all manufacturer safety features fully functional.
    b. When utilizing the material without Bottom Plate, use Raiser Base.
    D. Do not place an unprotected eye at the Bottom Plate opening.
    E. Keep all combustibles, tools, and reflective surfaces away from the beam path. Make sure you know where the beam is and stay clear.
    F. Work involving access to the power supply shall be done by the manufacturer with no exceptions.
    G. Maintenance shall be done with the laser system turned off.
    H. When functioning normally, the exhaust system will remove LGACs to maintain levels that are not hazardous or irritating.
     
    1. Required Training: When operating in Class 1 conditions, all users will read and obey the safety manual and XCS software. When operating in Class 4 conditions, additional laser safety training is required and must be prepared and administeredadministere.
    2. For emergency medical response call ____. Report all incidents to the LSO.
    3. Authorized Personnel
    By checking the box or reading this LSO document, we will consider you to be qualified or authorized.
    Notes:
    The worst case Optical Density (OD) requirement for laser-protective eyewear is 3.67. The eyewear provided by the laser manufacturer is rated at a minimum of OD 4. The exposure duration used to determine the OD is the ANSI default duration for an accidental exposure of 10 seconds.
     
    With all the manufacturer safety features fully functioning and the laser operating per the SOP the only source for a possible exposure above the Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) is a diffuse reflection that could scatter the laser output through the feed-through opening. Very conservative assumptions are made in this analysis. The exposure duration used is 600 seconds which assumes intentional viewing. The scattered power is assumed to be 45 watts which is an absolute worst case. The viewing angle is assumed to be 80 degrees. Greater viewing angles create a smaller hazard distance. The viewing angle in this case is closer to 85 degrees or more so a conservative assumption is 80 degrees. Given the assumptions, the diffuse nominal hazard zone (NHZ) is about 5 centimeters or just under 2 inches. This NHZ is insignificant. Operating per the SOP the laser system fulfills the ANSI 4.4.2.7.2.1 requirement for operation under class 1 conditions.

    Warning Sign

    warning
    warning
    warning
    Disclaimer:
    This training document is based on existing searchable documents, including but not limited to 21 CFR Part 1040.10, 1040.11, ANSI Z136.1 Standard - Guidance for Implementing a Safe Laser Program, OSHA, the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Alliance, the U.S. Laser Protocol: the Laser Regulators and the Center for Devices and Radiological Health, and other publicly available documents and standards issued by the above agencies at the time of this document's development. The documents and standards issued by these organizations and available in the public domain have been prepared, and the courses and presentations of some laser safety experts in the public domain have also been taken into account. The final right of interpretation of this document belongs to XTOOL.
     
     

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